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3.2 KiB
3.2 KiB
Xterra Overland Power & Monitoring Dashboard Architecture
Overview
The Xterra Overland Power & Monitoring Dashboard is a distributed monitoring and control system consisting of:
- Raspberry Pi Pico 2 W dashboard module
- ESP32 cargo-area controller
- RS-485 wired communications
- WiFi backup communications
- Touchscreen dashboard interface
The system is designed to operate completely offline and continue functioning even when WiFi is disabled.
System Goals
- Monitor house battery status
- Monitor fridge temperatures
- Monitor rear seat temperature
- Monitor outside ambient temperature
- Control Starlink power
- Control fridge power
- Provide a dashboard display while driving
- Expand later to vehicle telemetry and trip logging
Dashboard Module
Hardware
- Raspberry Pi Pico 2 W
- 3.5" touchscreen
- Powered by 5V from cargo-area buck converter
Responsibilities
- Display information
- Accept touch input
- Send commands to controller
- Display alarms and warnings
- Provide user configuration interface
Communications
Primary:
- RS-485 over CAT5
Secondary:
- WiFi HTTP API
Controller Module
Hardware
- ESP32 relay board
- House battery connection
- Bosch-style automotive relays
Responsibilities
- Read sensors
- Interface with BMS
- Control relays
- Serve API data
- Handle logging
Temperature Sensors
Planned Sensors
- Fridge Zone 1
- Fridge Zone 2
- Rear Seat Temperature
- Outside Ambient Temperature
- Battery Compartment Temperature (future)
Interface
- DS18B20
- Shared 1-Wire bus
- Connected to ESP32
Battery Monitoring
Planned BMS
- Xiaoxiang / JBD Bluetooth BMS
Data Collected
- State of Charge
- Voltage
- Current
- Remaining Capacity
- Runtime Estimate
- Battery Temperature
- Cell Voltages
- Cell Imbalance
Relay Control
Current Loads
- Starlink
- Fridge
Future Loads
- Inverter
- Camp Lights
Design
ESP32 relay outputs SHALL NOT carry load current.
ESP32 relays will only energize Bosch-style 30A/40A automotive relays.
All loads must be fused appropriately.
Communications
Primary
RS-485 over CAT5
Advantages:
- Reliable
- Noise resistant
- Independent of WiFi
- Works while driving
Backup
WiFi HTTP API
Used for:
- Phone access
- Web dashboard
- Configuration
- Future Home Assistant integration
WiFi Rules
Starlink OFF
- Dashboard operational
- Sensors operational
- Relay control operational
- WiFi disabled
- Web dashboard disabled
Starlink ON
- WiFi enabled
- Web dashboard enabled
- Remote access enabled
Override
User may temporarily enable WiFi for troubleshooting.
Default timeout: 10 minutes.
Dashboard Behavior
Ignition ON
- Screen active
- Full brightness
Ignition OFF
- Screen black
- Pico remains powered
- Touch input remains active
Touching screen:
- Wake display
- Display dashboard
- Auto-sleep after timeout
Future Expansion
Vehicle Data
- OBD-II
- CAN bus
- Fuel level
- RPM
- Coolant temperature
- Vehicle speed
Navigation
- GPS
- Trip logging
Connectivity
- MQTT
- Home Assistant
- InfluxDB
- Grafana
Additional Sensors
- Additional DS18B20 sensors
- Voltage sensors
- Current sensors
- Environmental monitoring